formats/pdf/extractor_test.cc

// Copyright 2026 Google LLC
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//

#include "formats/pdf/extractor.h"

#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdio>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include "absl/log/absl_check.h"
#include "absl/status/status.h"
#include "absl/status/status_matchers.h"
#include "absl/status/statusor.h"
#include "absl/strings/cord.h"
#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
#include "constants/labels.h"
#include "formats/byte_range.h"
#include "gmock/gmock.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "jumbf/box.h"
#include "jumbf/box_builder.h"
#include "jumbf/constants.h"
#include "jumbf/encode_params.h"
#include "jumbf/parse.h"
#include "riegeli/bytes/string_reader.h"

namespace credentio {
namespace {

using ::absl_testing::IsOkAndHolds;
using ::absl_testing::StatusIs;
using ::credentio::kManifestStoreLabel;
using ::credentio::kManifestStoreUuid;
using ::credentio::kStandardManifestUuid;
using ::jumbf::DescriptionBoxOptions;
using ::jumbf::kCborBoxType;
using ::jumbf::SuperBoxBuilder;
using ::testing::HasSubstr;
using ::testing::Optional;

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContent =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNoC2paSubtype =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000155 00000 n \n"
    "0000000238 00000 n \n"
    "0000000298 00000 n \n"
    "0000000338 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "397\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNoEmbeddedFilesRef =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(not_a_c2pa_manifest.txt) 1 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNamesNotDict =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names [1 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 5\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 4 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "328\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentEmbeddedFilesDirect =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names <</EmbeddedFiles <</Names "
    "[(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>> >> >>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 5\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 4 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "386\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNoAfRelationship =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>>                                /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentDifferentAfRelationship =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /Other         /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNonIndirectAf =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [123  ] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentInvalidEmbeddedFilesType =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 12345>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNamesDictNotDict =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "12345                   \n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNoEmbeddedFiles =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</OtherFiles___ 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 5 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

constexpr absl::string_view kTestPdfContentNamesObjectNotFound =
    "%PDF-1.7\n"
    "%%%%%\n"
    "1 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 11>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_stream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "2 0 obj\n"
    "<</Length 33 /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\n"
    "stream\n"
    "test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream\n"
    "endstream\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "3 0 obj\n"
    "<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest /Type /FileSpec>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "4 0 obj\n"
    "<</Names [(content_credential.c2pa) 3 0 R]>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "5 0 obj\n"
    "<</EmbeddedFiles 4 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "6 0 obj\n"
    "<</AF [3 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 9 0 R>>\n"
    "endobj\n"
    "xref\n"
    "0 7\n"
    "0000000000 65535 f \n"
    "0000000015 00000 n \n"
    "0000000074 00000 n \n"
    "0000000184 00000 n \n"
    "0000000267 00000 n \n"
    "0000000327 00000 n \n"
    "0000000367 00000 n \n"
    "trailer\n"
    "<</Root 6 0 R>>\n"
    "startxref\n"
    "426\n"
    "%%EOF";

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreV22EmbeddedFilesDirect) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentEmbeddedFilesDirect);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              IsOkAndHolds("test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream"));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreV22) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContent);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              IsOkAndHolds("test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream"));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreNoSubtype) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNoC2paSubtype);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              IsOkAndHolds("test_c2pa_manifest_raw_bytestream"));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest,
     ExtractManifestStoreThrowNotFoundErrorIfNoEmbeddedFilesRef) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNoEmbeddedFilesRef);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kNotFound));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreLocation) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContent);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(
      extractor.ExtractManifestStoreLocation(input, {.requires_c2pa = true}),
      IsOkAndHolds(Optional(ByteRange{.offset = 74, .length = 109})));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreLocationNoSubtype) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNoC2paSubtype);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(
      extractor.ExtractManifestStoreLocation(input, {.requires_c2pa = true}),
      IsOkAndHolds(Optional(ByteRange{.offset = 74, .length = 80})));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreFailsWithInvalidNamesType) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNamesNotDict);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(
      extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
      StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kInvalidArgument,
               ::testing::AllOf(HasSubstr("Unexpected object type found."),
                                HasSubstr("credentio::Object::"))));
}

std::string MakeValidPdfWithMultipleManifests(absl::string_view manifest1,
                                              absl::string_view manifest2) {
  std::vector<std::string> objs;
  objs.push_back(
      "1 0 obj\n<</Length 11>>\nstream\ntest_stream\nendstream\nendobj\n");
  objs.push_back(absl::StrCat("2 0 obj\n<</Length ", manifest1.size(),
                              " /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\nstream\n",
                              manifest1, "\nendstream\nendobj\n"));
  objs.push_back(
      "3 0 obj\n<</EF <</F 2 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest "
      "/Type /FileSpec>>\nendobj\n");
  objs.push_back(absl::StrCat("4 0 obj\n<</Length ", manifest2.size(),
                              " /Subtype /application#2fc2pa>>\nstream\n",
                              manifest2, "\nendstream\nendobj\n"));
  objs.push_back(
      "5 0 obj\n<</EF <</F 4 0 R>> /AFRelationship /C2PA_Manifest "
      "/Type /FileSpec>>\nendobj\n");
  objs.push_back(
      "6 0 obj\n<</Names [(manifest1.c2pa) 3 0 R (manifest2.c2pa) 5 0 "
      "R]>>\nendobj\n");
  objs.push_back("7 0 obj\n<</EmbeddedFiles 6 0 R>>\nendobj\n");
  objs.push_back(
      "8 0 obj\n<</AF [3 0 R 5 0 R] /Type /Catalog /Names 7 0 R>>\nendobj\n");

  std::string pdf = "%PDF-1.7\n";
  std::vector<size_t> offsets;
  for (const auto& obj : objs) {
    offsets.push_back(pdf.size());
    pdf += obj;
  }

  size_t xref_pos = pdf.size();
  pdf += "xref\n0 9\n0000000000 65535 f \n";
  for (size_t offset : offsets) {
    char buf[32];
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%010zu 00000 n \n", offset);
    pdf += buf;
  }
  absl::StrAppend(&pdf, "trailer\n<</Root 8 0 R>>\nstartxref\n", xref_pos,
                  "\n%%EOF");
  return pdf;
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreSucceedsWithMultipleManifestsInAf) {
  SuperBoxBuilder manifest_builder1(
      kStandardManifestUuid,
      DescriptionBoxOptions{.requestable_iff_label = true,
                            .label = absl::Cord("manifest_1")});
  ABSL_CHECK_OK(
      manifest_builder1.AddContent(kCborBoxType, absl::Cord("data_1")));
  absl::StatusOr<jumbf::BuiltSuperBox> manifest_box1 =
      std::move(manifest_builder1).Finalize();
  ABSL_ASSERT_OK(manifest_box1);

  SuperBoxBuilder store_builder1(
      kManifestStoreUuid,
      DescriptionBoxOptions{.requestable_iff_label = true,
                            .label = absl::Cord(kManifestStoreLabel)});
  ABSL_CHECK_OK(store_builder1.AddChild(*std::move(manifest_box1)));
  absl::StatusOr<jumbf::BuiltSuperBox> store_box1 =
      std::move(store_builder1).Finalize();
  ABSL_ASSERT_OK(store_box1);
  std::string store1 = std::string(std::move(*store_box1).AsCord());

  SuperBoxBuilder manifest_builder2(
      kStandardManifestUuid,
      DescriptionBoxOptions{.requestable_iff_label = true,
                            .label = absl::Cord("manifest_2")});
  ABSL_CHECK_OK(
      manifest_builder2.AddContent(kCborBoxType, absl::Cord("data_2")));
  absl::StatusOr<jumbf::BuiltSuperBox> manifest_box2 =
      std::move(manifest_builder2).Finalize();
  ABSL_ASSERT_OK(manifest_box2);

  SuperBoxBuilder store_builder2(
      kManifestStoreUuid,
      DescriptionBoxOptions{.requestable_iff_label = true,
                            .label = absl::Cord(kManifestStoreLabel)});
  ABSL_CHECK_OK(store_builder2.AddChild(*std::move(manifest_box2)));
  absl::StatusOr<jumbf::BuiltSuperBox> store_box2 =
      std::move(store_builder2).Finalize();
  ABSL_ASSERT_OK(store_box2);
  std::string store2 = std::string(std::move(*store_box2).AsCord());

  std::string pdf = MakeValidPdfWithMultipleManifests(store1, store2);

  riegeli::StringReader<> input(pdf);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  absl::StatusOr<std::string> merged = extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input);
  ABSL_ASSERT_OK(merged);
  absl::string_view view = *merged;
  absl::StatusOr<jumbf::SuperBox> superbox =
      jumbf::ConsumeSuperBox(&view, /*recursion_limit=*/9);
  ABSL_ASSERT_OK(superbox);
  ASSERT_EQ(superbox->contents.size(), 2);
  EXPECT_EQ(superbox->contents.back().Get<jumbf::SuperBox>().description.label,
            "manifest_2");

  // Verify location points to the active (second) manifest store stream.
  absl::StatusOr<std::optional<ByteRange>> manifest_store_location =
      extractor.ExtractManifestStoreLocation(input, {.requires_c2pa = true});
  ABSL_ASSERT_OK(manifest_store_location);
  ASSERT_TRUE(manifest_store_location->has_value());
  absl::string_view active_stream = absl::string_view(pdf).substr(
      (*manifest_store_location)->offset, (*manifest_store_location)->length);
  EXPECT_THAT(active_stream, HasSubstr("4 0 obj"));
  EXPECT_THAT(active_stream, HasSubstr(store2));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractBoxesUnimplemented) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input("test_content");
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractBoxes(input, {.requires_c2pa = true}),
              StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kUnimplemented));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest,
     ExtractManifestStoreThrowsNotFoundErrorIfNoAfRelationship) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNoAfRelationship);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kNotFound,
                       HasSubstr("No manifest store found.")));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest,
     ExtractManifestStoreThrowsNotFoundErrorIfDifferentAfRelationship) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentDifferentAfRelationship);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kNotFound,
                       HasSubstr("No manifest store found.")));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreThrowsNotFoundErrorIfNonIndirectAf) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNonIndirectAf);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kNotFound,
                       HasSubstr("No manifest store found.")));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreFailsWithInvalidEmbeddedFilesType) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentInvalidEmbeddedFilesType);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(
      extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
      StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kInvalidArgument,
               ::testing::AllOf(HasSubstr("Unexpected object type found."),
                                HasSubstr("credentio::Object::"))));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreFailsIfNamesObjectNotDict) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNamesDictNotDict);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(
      extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
      StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kInvalidArgument,
               HasSubstr("Object is not a credentio::Object::Dictionary")));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest,
     ExtractManifestStoreThrowsNotFoundErrorIfNoEmbeddedFiles) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNoEmbeddedFiles);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kNotFound,
                       HasSubstr("No '/EmbeddedFiles' dictionary found.")));
}

TEST(PdfExtractorTest, ExtractManifestStoreFailsIfNamesObjectNotFound) {
  riegeli::StringReader<> input(kTestPdfContentNamesObjectNotFound);
  PdfExtractor extractor;
  EXPECT_THAT(extractor.ExtractManifestStore(input),
              StatusIs(absl::StatusCode::kNotFound,
                       HasSubstr("No offset found for object number: 9")));
}

}  // namespace
}  // namespace credentio